Crusader1307

Astronomy Index, Page #1 1. The Universe, Galaxies and Nebulae 2. Months, Tears and Seasons 3. The Formation of Earth and The Origins of Life 4. The Formation of The Moon 5. Venus, Our Sister Planet 6. Caesar's Comet 7. Hypernova 8. Kirch's Comet 9. Haumea

''HAUMEA'' Class by Astronomers as a ''possible'' Dwarf Planet – ''Haumea'' was first discovered in 2004 by Astronomer Michael Brown of Caltech. Observed at The Mt. Palomar Observatory (California), Haumea is termed from The Hawaiian Goddess of Childbirth. The ''Rock'' is located at the far orbital course of The Planet Neptune (although not considered a Satellite of The Planet, per se). It's general shape (ellipsoid) was determined by light refraction and has not been studied by Earth-sent Probes as of yet. It's size is determined to be 1/1400 that of The Planet Earth and possibly 1/3rd of Pluto. Haumea may also have a ''ring'' of interstellar matter (debris) with several larger components which could be debated as Satellites. The most common belief is that Naumea was formed billions of years ago, when two errant Satellites of Neptune collided, with the debris forming Haumea.

''KIRCH'S COMET'' First discovered in 1680 by German Astronomer Gottfried Kirch – The ''Great Comet of 1680'' (as it was also reported as), was also the first such ''Great Comet'' to be observed by primitive telescopes. The Comet was bright enough to also be seen during daylight hours (mostly several hours before The Sun's decline in Western Europe). Seen and reported in Central America as well, The Comet was roughly 42 Million Miles from Earth (between The Sun and our Planet). Speculated as being an Ice Giant (by today's theory) – ''Kirch's Comet'' was observed for 125 days before it's inclination changed on it's travels out of our Solar System. Re-discovered in 2019 by NASAs Jet propulsion Laboratory – it is estimated that The Comet has a 10,000-year orbit cycle.

''HYPERNOVA'' While the term ''Nova'' is derived from a distant Star (Solar Mass), which has exhausted it's primary energy, and as such begins to lose it's gravity – forcing an often gradual collapse into it's own Mass – a ''Hypernova'' is believed to be the primary ''cause'' (as is known) for the creation of ''Black Holes''. The actual cause of why Hypernova occur is still theorized. Buy in ideology, a cause creates a rapid implosion of a Star's Coronal Mass (into it's core). As such, rather than taking millions of years – The Star in question dies MUCH more rapidly. Although never witnessed, The Hypernova begins to generate Gamma radiation (which is visible at great distance from Medium Space Orbit Telescopes). The speed and ''light duration'' of the phenomenon is measurable by instrumentation. The ''splitting'' of The Star, creates dual burst ''points'' which, with the final ''collapse'' generating what is possibly a ''Black Hole''. The first such ''detection'' of a probable Hypernova was in 1998 in a Galaxy designated ESO 184-G82 (A ''Spiral'' Classification), at a distance of 140 Million Light Years. The ''implosion'' is thought to have happened 8 Million Years prior.

''CAESAR'S COMET'' Also known as ''The Star of Caesar'', was an interstellar ''Great Comet'', which was visible from most Earth vantage points, for a 7-day period around August of 44 BC. The Comet, so named for Roman Emperor-Dictator, Julius Caesar – was seen by Roman Religious Cults, as a ''sign'' that Caesar had been ''deified'' by The Gods (made one). As a later named ''Great Comet'' – of which to date only three such have been recorded, was reported in China at the time. Other Cultures also noted The Comet. Possibly as ''close'' between The Earth and Sun (Sol) as 150 Million miles, ''Caesar's Comet'' was perhaps (by Modern est8mates), an ''Ice Giant''. These are classed (or theorized) as being massive pieces of frozen liquid, from which is ejected (via inertia), a rearward stream of fragments, often identified as ''ice''. These frozen particles reflect light particles passing thru them them from The Sun, and provide what the casual Earthbound Observer would identify as it's ''Tail''. In The 44 BC Comet's case, this extension may have been thousands of miles in length. The overall brilliance was as such, that it could have easily ''rivaled'' the noonday Sun in The Sky. However, due to a lack of ''modern'' astronomical measuring equipment, the tru nature of ''Caesar's Comet'' is only regulated to historical text. The Comet, unlike many that are in a fixed ''return'' orbit – was either a Mass that passed thru The Solar System one time – never to return or, by way of it's composition, deteriorated or impacted with another celestial object.

What's that line from The Movie ''Dances With Wolves''....''Why Don't He Write''..... Good to hear from You M'Lord, Don't be a Stranger.......

IN MEMORIUM................. HRH PRINCE PHILIP, DUKE OF EDINBURGH, CONSORT TO HM QUEEN ELIZABETH II 1921-2021 REST IN PEACE

FAR too Cool, Paul....Way jealous 😂.... ''Caribbean'' sounds good. Me, I work ''defending the right'' (as it were) this weekend. Then, a ''relaxing'' bout of writing Articles for The Nation. Hey, it's relaxing to me!.....

Had to jump in...... Painted ALOT ''back in the day''. From my earliest Aurora ''Movie Monsters'' (look that one up, 😁 ) to my share of Fighter Plane Models. I too ''graduated'' to Military Figures (the old Airfix Sets), really relaxing and fun ''raising a Regiment'' as it were. The Fighters of course, you ''hung'' from the ceiling with clear fishing line, remember? Sounds like you have fun, Paul!

We've added another Section to Our History Thru The Ages Section. It will explore The Victorian Era. A few ''old'' Articles were moved over to get started. Enjoy!

As part of an over all change to several Sections of The Site, Our Lord Chris has requested a redirection of the long serving "Castle of The Week". This was found on The Main Page under Our "On This Day in History". We will be moving The Castles to "History Thru The Ages" and make it a stand alone section called "Castles and Fortifications". I will be adding New entries from time to time. Look for them in The Index (when announced). Transfer will take place soon........

And To You, Doc!

Never too late for Libations, My Liege........................

You Have a Happy New Year as well, My Lord......No Doubt The Inn is busy due to The New Years Celebrations.......have a Pint on Me (and a Steak for The Dog as well!)

Well Hi, Young Lord! Good Topic. I find, like most...I have good intentions, but rarely carry them thru - especially when it comes to self improvement😲 that being said, I can hope that The World will get it's act together finally in the Peace that our Christmas Season dictates. That's good you are or want to make an effort to curb your Social Media outlet. Just don't forget Our Forum! Wishing the very best to you and yours! Crusader 1307

And to you M'Lord - Gramercy!

Well done, M'Lord....Nice Map and good Storyline......

Hello LordOh, and Welcome to The Nation! Quite the contrary, Our Forums and Board (Threads, etc) are read and answered often. It is just with ''Real Life'' sometimes it takes a ''minute or two'' - as it were. Be patient, I am sure that many Members of The Community would like to play a Game or two with you. Again, Welcome! Crusader1307 Head Admins

I too would really like to see an Article as well. Permitting your Personal schedule that is. I am sure it will be well received.

Quite ambitious. Look forward to more of your Mods, as are others I imagine.

Actually, a very good breakdown on The Subject. Much better that the long winded versions I've read. Well done!

EXCELLENT work, My Lord..............

Correct. Private Henry Hook was neither, but that's Hollywood. As for ''Shaka Zulu'', you will really like it. In The US, it was a 5-part (1 week long) Mini-Series. When I got a copy on VHS (no really) - back in 1987 (yes, really again) - it was a somewhat cut down version - but still good. On DVD, it is a 2-disc set, with extras. O'Toole as Chelmsford was a master stroke. He really portrayed the a typical British General of The Era very well ( He was such a great Actor).

Actually the .303 Ammo ''boxes'', but yes. The ''sealed'' tins (which were also lined in canvas as well - were absorbents meant to help keep moisture out (which was clever for the day). And yes, ''Shaka Zulu'' is rather good. Still findable on a variety of Media. Bit long though (it was a Mini-Series), but shortened versions exist.

Changing ''Time'' yet again........The iconic and ill-famed ''Charge of The Light Brigade'' was renowned in both song and story. But was it really a colossal Military blunder or a masterful stroke of British Propaganda (at the cost of close to 300 Cavalrymen). What are your thought?